Testosterone and ED, Causes ,treatment and best testosterone

Testosterone plays a central role in erectile function through nerve support, nitric oxide regulation, and vascular smooth muscle health. Normal testosterone levels increase sexual desire and trigger brain signals that release nitric oxide in the penis, relaxing smooth muscle and allowing blood flow for erections. Studies show that low testosterone damages penile nerves, reduces nitric oxide activity, and leads to weaker erections.

Low testosterone (hypogonadism) is a well-established cause of erectile dysfunction (ED). Research published in Androgens: Clinical Research and Therapeutics confirms that testosterone deficiency causes penile fibrosis and structural changes that impair erections. Threshold levels are important; erectile function declines when testosterone falls below 150–200 ng/dL. Men with severe hypogonadism often respond positively to testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), which restores libido, nitric oxide activity, and erectile scores.

High testosterone does not directly cause ED, but excessive levels from anabolic steroid misuse or medical conditions may indirectly harm erections through cardiovascular or psychological effects.

Treatment options include lifestyle changes, clomiphene citrate, hCG, aromatase inhibitors, TRT, and PDE5 inhibitors like Viagra or Cialis. Combination therapy (TRT + PDE5 inhibitors) is especially effective in hypogonadal men unresponsive to PDE5 inhibitors alone. Natural boosters like zinc, vitamin D, ashwagandha, fenugreek, magnesium, maca, and ginseng also support testosterone balance and erectile health.

How Testosterone Affects Erections?

Testosterone directly regulates erectile function through 3 primary mechanisms: 

1. maintaining penile nerve structure and function, 
2. controlling nitric oxide production, and 
3. preserving vascular smooth muscle health. 

Testosterone is made in the testes under brain control. Normal levels increase sexual desire and trigger brain signals that release nitric oxide in the penis. Nitric oxide relaxes smooth muscle and lets blood fill the penis, creating an erection. 

Testosterone maintains nerve structure in penile tissues. The study showed that testosterone removal in rats damaged nerve fibers and reduced erectile function. Testosterone treatment restored normal nerve structure and blood flow. Testosterone regulates nitric oxide production, which is critical for erections. According to the study, castrated animals showed 45% decreased nitric oxide activity after testosterone removal. Testosterone administration restored both erectile response and nitric oxide levels in the penis.

According to the American Journal of Medicine study, testosterone levels well below normal range prevent erections, but higher levels may not improve function further. The Liebertpub study confirmed erectile function stays normal until testosterone drops below 150-200 ng/dL. Men with testosterone below 231 ng/dL showed 2.95-point improvements in erectile scores with replacement therapy.

Can Testosterone Cause Erectile Dysfunction?

Testosterone itself does not cause erectile dysfunction. The relationship between testosterone and ED is determined by levels being too low, not too high. Normal testosterone levels support healthy erectile function, while testosterone deficiency causes ED through specific mechanisms.

According to a review article published in Androgens: Clinical Research and Therapeutics, testosterone deficiency causes penile fibrosis and organic erectile dysfunction in aging men. Erectile function depends on endocrine factors like testosterone, and hypogonadism is strongly linked to ED. In fact, erectile dysfunction is often the most common complaint among hypogonadal men.

Animal and human studies show that low testosterone interferes with the synthesis and release of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Both enzymes are essential for smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation in the corpora cavernosa. Androgen deprivation can also lead to vascular smooth muscle cell atrophy, venous leakage, loss of elastic fibers, and increased collagen deposition, all of which impair erections.

Animal studies further demonstrate that erectile function declines in a dose-dependent manner when testosterone levels fall below one-tenth of the normal physiological plasma concentration. Clinical evidence in humans supports this, as men with ED often have lower testosterone compared to men without ED. Patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer experience ED in at least 50% of cases. Recovery of erectile function occurs when testosterone levels normalize after discontinuation of such therapy.

Threshold levels are also critical. Erectile function is particularly affected below 150-200 ng/dL, with sleep-related erections being the first to decline. Men with lower baseline testosterone often show greater improvement in erectile function after testosterone replacement therapy.

Indirect effects of high testosterone may contribute to ED in rare cases. Extremely high testosterone can increase blood pressure, cause mood changes, and lead to cardiovascular problems that indirectly affect erectile function. However, these effects require testosterone levels well above normal physiological ranges.

Can Low Testosterone Cause Erectile Dysfunction?

Yes, low testosterone can cause erectile dysfunction, particularly when levels fall significantly below the normal range of 300 ng/dL. Testosterone itself does not directly cause erections, but it is essential for libido, vascular health, and the enzymatic processes that support normal erectile function.

According to the study, “Does Testosterone Have a Role in Erectile Function?”, published in the American Journal of Medicine, low testosterone is linked to erectile dysfunction through several mechanisms. Castration studies provide the strongest evidence, showing that 58% to 100% of men experience partial or complete loss of erection after castration. Pharmacologically induced hypogonadism in young men also reduces libido, lowers spontaneous erections, and impairs erection maintenance and nocturnal erections.

Data suggest a threshold effect, where circulating testosterone levels well below the normal range are necessary to maintain normal erections. Some castrated men can still achieve functional erections, showing that the exact minimal level required remains unknown. However, men with severe hypogonadism are more likely to respond to testosterone therapy.

A meta-analysis cited in the same study showed testosterone supplementation improved erectile function in 65.4% of hypogonadal men compared to 16.7% with placebo. This confirms that testosterone replacement therapy is effective for men with low levels and erectile dysfunction.

Testosterone may influence erections through peripheral vasodilator effects, including activation of nitric oxide synthase, which increases cGMP for smooth muscle relaxation in the corpora cavernosa. It may also reduce alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction and support venous occlusion, both essential for erection. Central nervous system effects are also reported, as testosterone can act in brain regions linked to arousal. Libido enhancement remains a key mechanism, since higher sexual desire facilitates erections.

Prevalence data show that hypogonadism occurs in about 5% of ED cases, though rates vary between 1.7% and 35% depending on study populations and definitions. While many studies show no strong correlation between testosterone and erections in men with normal or mildly low levels, the link is clear in severe hypogonadism.

The study also notes that testosterone therapy may improve the response to PDE5 inhibitors in men with low or borderline testosterone. This can convert non-responders into responders, likely through shared pathways in the nitric oxide-cGMP mechanism.

Screening for hypogonadism is recommended in men with erectile dysfunction to identify those who may benefit from therapy. Testosterone replacement is most beneficial in men with consistently low levels, especially below 200 ng/dL. For mild age-related hypogonadism, treatment decisions should be individualized.

Does High or Too Much Testosterone Cause ED?

No, high testosterone does not directly cause erectile dysfunction. Low testosterone is the known factor linked to erectile dysfunction because it lowers sex drive and impairs the erectile process.

According to papers published in Medical Physics, high or too much testosterone, also called hyperandrogenism, can impact health and in some cases contribute to erectile dysfunction, but it is not a direct cause. Instead, elevated testosterone levels can indirectly lead to ED through effects on cardiovascular and mental health.

High testosterone levels can increase blood pressure and raise the risk of cardiovascular problems. Elevated testosterone may cause constriction of blood vessels, leading to hypertension, heart disease, or stroke. These conditions reduce blood flow to penile tissue, and without proper blood flow, erections cannot be achieved or maintained.

Mood and mental health changes are also linked with high testosterone. Elevated levels may cause anxiety and depression, which strongly influence sexual function and can worsen erectile dysfunction.

Other symptoms of very high testosterone include shrinking testicles, enlarged prostate, decreased sperm count, acne, and abnormal hair growth. These changes, combined with psychological and vascular effects, can contribute to or exacerbate erectile problems.

Excessive testosterone often results from anabolic steroid misuse. Athletes and bodybuilders who abuse steroids may experience erectile dysfunction during use or after stopping, due to disrupted hormonal balance. Abrupt withdrawal can sharply lower hormone levels, further contributing to ED.

What Are The Causes Of Low Testosterone?

Primary Hypogonadism (Testicular Failure) occurs when the testes themselves are unable to produce adequate testosterone, often with elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels.

• Klinefelter syndrome can cause abnormal testicular development, leading to testosterone deficiency.
• Undescended testicles can impair normal testicular function and hormone production.
• Mumps orchitis may damage testicular tissue, reducing testosterone output.
• Hemochromatosis leads to excess iron, which can damage the testes.
• Cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy, radiation, or surgical removal of the testes, can directly lower testosterone.
• Testicular injury or trauma can impair hormone-producing cells.
• Normal aging gradually reduces testosterone, with levels declining by about 100 ng/dL per decade.

Secondary Hypogonadism (Pituitary or Hypothalamic Failure) occurs when the brain does not send proper signals to the testes, resulting in low or normal LH and reduced testosterone.

• Kallman syndrome affects the hypothalamus, disrupting hormonal signaling.
• Pituitary disorders, including prolactinoma or pituitary masses, interfere with LH release.
• HIV/AIDS can disrupt the hypothalamus, pituitary, or testes, leading to low testosterone.
• Obesity, especially morbid obesity, is linked to hypothalamic dysfunction and reduced testosterone production.
• Surgery or trauma involving the hypothalamus or pituitary can impair hormonal pathways.
• Stress-induced hypogonadism can suppress normal hormone signaling.
• Type 2 diabetes alters metabolic balance and lowers testosterone.
• Hypothyroidism can disrupt hormone regulation and testosterone levels.
• Liver disease may impair metabolism of sex hormones and contribute to deficiency.

General Contributing Factors and Risks add to the likelihood of testosterone deficiency in men.

• Aging is a major factor, with nearly 40% of men over 45 and 50% of men in their 80s showing low testosterone.
• End-stage renal disease often lowers testosterone due to chronic illness.
• Severe COPD can cause hypoxia and impair hormonal function.
• Osteoporosis or osteopenia may develop alongside testosterone deficiency.
• Infertility can sometimes be a result of low testosterone and related testicular issues.
• Unexplained anemia is often linked to reduced testosterone.
• Post-chemotherapy with testicular atrophy lowers testosterone production.
• Post-testicular radiation therapy can damage hormone-producing cells.
• Chronic opioid use suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis.
• Chronic steroid use disrupts normal hormone feedback, reducing natural testosterone.

What Are The Treatment Options?

Treatment for male hypogonadism is recommended only for symptomatic patients with confirmed low testosterone levels. According to Male Hypogonadism, StatPearls, asymptomatic patients usually do not require therapy, and men with symptoms but normal testosterone levels will not benefit from supplementation. For them, lifestyle changes such as weight loss and exercise are advised. The choice of treatment depends on luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and whether the patient wishes to preserve fertility. Treatment options include:

Clomiphene Citrate
Clomiphene citrate works by blocking estradiol feedback at the hypothalamus, which leads to an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The higher LH levels stimulate the testes to produce more testosterone naturally, while preserving sperm counts and fertility. The usual dose is 25-50 mg daily, and testosterone levels are monitored after about 30 days of use. In around one-quarter of men, clomiphene can restart natural testosterone production even after discontinuation. It is generally safe, has minimal adverse effects, and does not impair spermatogenesis, making it a preferred choice for younger men wishing to maintain fertility.

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
Human chorionic gonadotropin directly stimulates the Leydig cells of the testes to produce testosterone. Unlike direct testosterone replacement, hCG maintains spermatogenesis, which makes it valuable for men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism who wish to remain fertile. It is usually administered at a dose of 3000 IU subcutaneously or intramuscularly every other day. This treatment is FDA-approved for men but is ineffective in cases where LH and FSH are already elevated, such as in primary testicular failure.

Aromatase Inhibitors
Aromatase inhibitors reduce the conversion of testosterone into estradiol, thereby increasing circulating testosterone levels. These drugs may help preserve fertility in hypogonadal men, but clinical data supporting their effectiveness is limited compared to clomiphene or hCG. As a result, they are not considered first-line therapy but may be useful in select patients.

Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT)
Testosterone replacement therapy is the standard treatment for men with primary hypogonadism, where elevated LH levels indicate testicular failure. The goal is to relieve symptoms while maintaining testosterone levels within the normal range. TRT improves libido, bone density, lean body mass, anemia, depressive symptoms, and erectile function. Several formulations are available, including oral testosterone undecanoate, transdermal gels, patches, intranasal gels, and long-acting pellets. Gels are often preferred because they are convenient and maintain stable hormone levels, though skin reactions are common with patches. Intramuscular injections, such as testosterone cypionate or enanthate, are widely used and typically started at 100 mg weekly. Long-acting testosterone undecanoate injections are available but are not usually first-line due to limited experience and higher risks.

PDE5 Inhibitors

PDE5 inhibitors improve erections by blocking cGMP degradation, enhancing nitric oxide-mediated smooth muscle relaxation. In men with low testosterone, PDE5 inhibitors may be less effective alone because low testosterone reduces nitric oxide synthase activity in penile tissue. Combining PDE5 inhibitors with testosterone therapy often yields better results. Common PDE5 inhibitors include:

1. Sildenafil (Viagra)
   • Onset: 30-60 minutes
   • Duration: 4-6 hours
   • Dose: 25-100 mg as needed
   • Notes: Requires sexual stimulation; avoid with nitrates.
2. Tadalafil (Cialis)
   • Onset: 30-45 minutes
   • Duration: Up to 36 hours
   • Dose: 5-20 mg as needed or 2.5-5 mg daily
   • Notes: Longer window for spontaneity; daily dosing supports frequent activity.
3. Vardenafil (Levitra)
   • Onset: 30-60 minutes
   • Duration: 5-8 hours
   • Dose: 5-20 mg as needed
   • Notes: Food delays absorption; avoid grapefruit.
4. Avanafil (Stendra)
   • Onset: 15-30 minutes
   • Duration: 6 hours
   • Dose: 50-200 mg as needed
   • Notes: Fastest onset; less dietary interaction.

Regular monitoring and medical supervision ensure safe use, especially in men combining PDE5 inhibitors with testosterone therapy.

TRT + PDE5 Inhibitors

Combining TRT with PDE5 inhibitors offers relief for men with hypogonadism and ED. TRT restores testosterone to a threshold needed for optimal nitric oxide synthase activity in penile tissue. Once testosterone reaches mid-normal levels, adding a PDE5 inhibitor enhances cGMP-mediated smooth muscle relaxation. According to a systematic review, “Synergetic effect of testosterone and phophodiesterase-5 inhibitors in hypogonadal men with erectile dysfunction”, hypogonadal men unresponsive to sildenafil alone achieved adequate erections after four weeks of TRT plus sildenafil. This sequential approach corrects hormonal deficiency first, then supports the biochemical pathway of erection. Monitoring includes serum testosterone, hematocrit, and PDE5 inhibitor response to ensure efficacy and safety.

Does TRT (Testosterone Replacement Therapy) Cause or Help ED?

TRT helps erectile dysfunction in men with low testosterone and does not cause ED. According to a review published in Current Opinion in Urology, testosterone therapy improves erectile function and libido in hypogonadal men. The review reports that TRT restores penile function in men with objectively low testosterone and that it consistently improves sex drive. TRT is most effective for mild erectile dysfunction and may not be sufficient alone for moderate or severe ED; severe vascular damage often requires combination therapy. The review also notes that TRT can enhance the response to PDE5 inhibitors in men with low testosterone who did not respond to those drugs alone. Men with normal testosterone levels are unlikely to benefit from TRT for ED, and other causes such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or psychological factors should be investigated. Diagnosis of low testosterone is therefore key, and TRT should be started and monitored under professional medical supervision.

Will Viagra Work With Low Testosterone?

Yes, Viagra works for men with low testosterone and can also increase serum testosterone levels. According to a review article published in The Andrology, sildenafil improved erectile function and led to significant hormonal changes in men with ED and low testosterone. In a study of 140 men aged 40–70 years, optimized doses of sildenafil over 3–7 weeks increased mean total testosterone by 3.6 nmol/L (103 ng/dL) and mean free testosterone by 110 pmol/L (31.7 pg/mL). 

Serum dihydrotestosterone, oestradiol, androstenedione, and oestrone also increased. The study found that sildenafil likely acts directly on the testes, as shown by a decrease in luteinizing hormone levels despite rising testosterone, suggesting direct testicular stimulation. Preclinical studies in rats support this mechanism through enhanced Leydig cell steroidogenesis. Sildenafil, as a PDE5 inhibitor, consistently improves erectile function by increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate in penile tissue, which relaxes smooth muscle and allows erection. 

The American College of Physicians recommends PDE5 inhibitors as first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction, which aligns with these findings. The increase in testosterone was not dependent on sexual activity and did not differ between 50 mg and 100 mg doses. The authors suggest using PDE5 inhibitor monotherapy in men with erectile dysfunction and borderline low testosterone before considering additional testosterone therapy. The findings show that sildenafil not only helps erections in men with low testosterone but also supports hormonal improvement.

What Are Best Testosterone Boosters For Erectile Dysfunction (ED)?

The best testosterone boosters for erectile dysfunction are nutrients and herbal supplements that improve hormone levels, circulation, and sexual function. Below is a detailed list of testosterone boosters.

Zinc
Zinc is an essential mineral that plays a direct role in testosterone production. It supports the activity of enzymes in the testes that regulate hormone synthesis. Deficiency in zinc is strongly associated with low testosterone levels and impaired sperm quality. Adequate zinc intake helps improve semen volume, sperm motility, and erectile performance. For men with erectile dysfunction, restoring zinc levels can improve testosterone balance and enhance sexual function. Foods rich in zinc include oysters, red meat, and pumpkin seeds. Supplementation may be required for men with clinically low levels.

Vitamin D
Vitamin D functions as a steroid hormone and is essential for testosterone synthesis. Men with low vitamin D often have low testosterone, reduced libido, and higher rates of erectile dysfunction. Vitamin D receptors are present in the testes, where they help regulate hormone production. Supplementing vitamin D can restore normal testosterone levels, improve mood, and enhance energy, which indirectly benefits erectile performance. Sunlight exposure is the most natural way to maintain vitamin D, but supplements are often necessary. Clinical studies consistently show a positive link between vitamin D optimization and improved testosterone function in men.

D-Aspartic Acid
D-Aspartic Acid is a natural amino acid that stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland. This hormone signals the testes to produce more testosterone. Supplementation with D-Aspartic Acid has been shown to raise testosterone levels within a short period, making it popular among men with low levels. By boosting testosterone, it also helps improve libido, energy, and erectile strength. Although long-term effects require more research, short-term use has demonstrated significant hormonal increases. For men with erectile dysfunction tied to low testosterone, D-Aspartic Acid may be a valuable natural support option.

Fenugreek
Fenugreek is a medicinal herb that contains saponins, compounds that reduce the breakdown of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. This preservation effect helps maintain higher testosterone levels. Clinical trials suggest fenugreek supplementation increases libido, improves sexual satisfaction, and supports erectile function. It also enhances physical performance and body composition, further supporting sexual health. Fenugreek seeds and extracts are widely available as dietary supplements. Men with mild erectile dysfunction and low testosterone symptoms may particularly benefit from its effects. By sustaining testosterone levels, fenugreek provides both hormonal and sexual performance benefits without significant side effects when used correctly.

Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha is an adaptogenic herb known for reducing stress and cortisol levels. High cortisol suppresses testosterone production, so lowering it indirectly helps restore hormonal balance. Clinical studies show that ashwagandha supplementation increases serum testosterone, improves sperm quality, and enhances sexual performance. For men with erectile dysfunction linked to stress or hormonal imbalance, ashwagandha offers dual benefits by calming the nervous system and boosting testosterone. It also supports energy, stamina, and overall vitality. Ashwagandha root extract is the most studied form, and it is considered safe for long-term use in men seeking better testosterone and erectile health.

Maca
Maca is a Peruvian root traditionally used to enhance sexual desire and fertility. While it may not directly increase testosterone levels, it influences sexual health by improving libido, stamina, and mood. Clinical studies show that maca supplementation increases self-reported sexual desire and improves sexual satisfaction. Its energy-boosting effects also contribute to better sexual performance and erectile function. Maca is often used as a complementary supplement for men who want to enhance sexual wellness naturally. It comes in powder or capsule form and can be safely used for long periods without significant adverse effects.

Magnesium
Magnesium is a vital mineral that regulates hundreds of biochemical reactions, including testosterone activity. It reduces the binding of testosterone to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), increasing free testosterone availability. Studies have shown that men with higher magnesium levels often have higher testosterone. Adequate magnesium also improves muscle strength, energy levels, and vascular health, all of which contribute to sexual performance. Deficiency in magnesium is common and linked to fatigue, poor circulation, and low testosterone. Foods like leafy greens, nuts, and whole grains are rich in magnesium, but supplements are often recommended to optimize levels in men.

Ginseng
Ginseng is a traditional medicinal root widely studied for its effects on sexual health. It enhances nitric oxide production, which relaxes penile blood vessels and improves erectile function. At the same time, ginseng stimulates testosterone activity and boosts libido. Clinical trials show that ginseng supplementation improves erectile strength, sexual satisfaction, and overall vitality in men. Its adaptogenic properties also reduce stress and fatigue, supporting hormonal balance. Ginseng is available in red and Panax varieties, both used in men’s health supplements. Regular use can enhance testosterone function, improve erections, and provide a natural boost to sexual wellness.

Can You Take Viagra And Testosterone Together?

Yes, Viagra and testosterone can be taken together, but the combination usually does not provide extra benefits for erectile dysfunction. According to a randomised trial, Effect of testosterone replacement on response to sildenafil citrate in men with erectile dysfunction: a parallel, on 140 men with erectile dysfunction and low testosterone found no major improvement when testosterone was added to Viagra therapy compared to Viagra alone. Real-world data also shows combined use. In HIV-positive men, 19% used testosterone and 12% used Viagra, which confirms that some people take both. However, many Viagra users also take other medicines, and some of these can interact in harmful ways. You should always consult a healthcare provider before combining Viagra with testosterone. A doctor can check your health, review your prescriptions, and confirm if the combination is safe for you.

What’s The Difference Between ED Medications And Testosterone Therapy?

ED medications and testosterone therapy work in different ways and are used for different patient needs. ED medications like Viagra improve blood flow to the penis by enhancing vascular function, while testosterone therapy replaces low hormone levels in men with hypogonadism. Erectile Dysfunction medications are the first-line treatment for erectile dysfunction regardless of testosterone status, whereas testosterone therapy is mainly prescribed for men with confirmed low testosterone. Testosterone alone is not very effective for erectile dysfunction, but it may help younger men with hypogonadism and no vascular risk factors. ED medications work across a wider range of patients. In some cases, combining both treatments may help men who do not respond to single therapies.

Does Generic Viagra Increase Testosterone Levels?

Generic Viagra (sildenafil) does not increase testosterone levels. Research shows that ED medications work by improving blood flow to the penis and do not affect hormone production.

Are Over-The-Counter Testosterone Boosters Safe To Take With ED Pills?

No, Over-the-counter testosterone boosters should not be assumed safe to take with ED pills. Many boosters are unregulated and may contain hidden ingredients such as sildenafil or other active compounds that can interact dangerously with prescription medications. These interactions may increase risks for men with health conditions like heart disease. Since the effectiveness of most testosterone boosters is unproven and their safety is uncertain, consulting a healthcare professional is essential before combining them with ED pills.

What Are The Foods That Help In Erectile Dysfunction?

Foods for ED include nutrient-rich options that improve blood flow, support heart health, and help maintain testosterone levels. These nutrients support blood circulation, heart health, and testosterone levels. A healthy diet should include leafy greens, fruits, fatty fish, nuts, whole grains, legumes, and avocados. Avoid processed foods, high-sugar items, trans fats, and excess red or processed meats, as they harm vascular health and worsen ED. Below is a list of foods to include for improved erectile function

• Leafy Greens and Vegetables: Spinach, rocket, and beets provide nitrates that convert to nitric oxide and improve blood flow.
  
• Fruits: Berries, apples, citrus fruits, and kiwifruit are rich in flavonoids that support heart and blood vessel health.
  
• Fatty Fish: Salmon, mackerel, and tuna provide omega-3 fatty acids that improve circulation and heart function.
  
• Nuts: Walnuts, almonds, and pistachios contain arginine and nutrients that support blood flow and cardiovascular health.
  
• Whole Grains: Oats, brown rice, and quinoa support vascular health and overall body function.
  
• Legumes: Lentils, beans, and peas provide fiber and nutrients for a balanced diet.
  
• Avocados: Rich in zinc, which supports healthy testosterone levels.
  
• Pomegranate Juice: Contains antioxidants that raise nitric oxide levels and improve erectile function.
  
• Coffee: Provides flavonoids that may support erectile performance.